Tag: Scott Fritz

Coccidiosis induced Diarrhea, Growth Implants in Beef, Timing When Processing Calves

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On this episode of BCI Cattle Chat the experts cover diarrhea caused by coccidiosis, emphasizing that it’s a common organism managed through reducing stress, maintaining clean and dry conditions, and using appropriate feed additives rather than trying to eliminate it entirely. The team also discuss growth implants, emphasizing their use to improve production efficiency and that hormone levels in beef are biologically minimal, though consumer preferences may justify selling non-implanted beef at a premium. The last topic was a listener question that asked about protocol when gathering cattle before processing. The veterinarians discussed that timing should minimizing stress while ensuring access to feed and water. 

4:27 Diarrhea Caused by Coccidiosis  

8:34 Growth Implants in Beef  

15:44 Timing When Processing Calves 

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget, if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: Lantana Toxicity Case

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In this episode of Tox Talk with BCI, Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz walk through a challenging case where 75 cows were turned into a new pasture and left unchecked for two weeks, resulting in 22 deaths. The surviving cattle showed jaundice and severe skin damage linked to secondary photosensitization from liver injury. Through diagnostics and pasture investigation, the cause was identified as Lantana camara toxicity, leading to cholestasis and liver failure. The discussion highlights the importance of pasture evaluation, monitoring, and recognizing toxic plant risks in grazing systems.

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Research Update: Larrison Hicks, Line Breeding, Nutritional Listener Questions   

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On this episode of BCI Cattle Chat, Larrison Hicks gave a research update on his project about beef–dairy cross calves, focusing on how early-life management, such as milk-feeding methods and probiotics, may influence gut development and the higher incidence of liver abscesses in calf ranch systems. Early findings showed no short-term benefits from probiotic supplementation, with more results pending. The hosts also discussed genetics, noting that line breeding closely related high-performing cattle increases the risk of defects and does not reliably produce superior offspring. Additional topics included managing aflatoxins in feed, the limited effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate in feedlot diets, and how excess fat can negatively impact rumen function in grazing cattle.

4:31 Research Update: Larrison Hicks 

9:21  Line Breeding  

13:43 Nutritional Listener Questions 

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget, if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: Lead Poisoning in Young Calves

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In this episode of Tox Talk on Bovine Science, Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz discuss a case where multiple two-month-old calves in a dry lot died with minimal clinical signs. Initial differentials included infectious disease, nutritional issues, and ryegrass staggers, but necropsy and testing were largely unrewarding. Ultimately, elevated tissue lead levels confirmed lead poisoning, even though no clear source was identified. The case highlights the importance of considering lead toxicity in young calves with neurologic signs, especially when they have access to areas outside their normal environment.

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After the Abstract: Methylene Blue Withdrawal in Cattle

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In this episode of BCI After the Abstract, the veterinarians explore a pharmacokinetic study on the use of methylene blue in cattle to determine safe withdrawal periods after treatment. The experts walk through how researchers tracked drug levels in blood, milk, and tissues to estimate when residues fall below safe thresholds. They emphasize that previous guidance lacked data, forcing veterinarians to rely on highly conservative withdrawal times. With this new evidence, practitioners can better balance effective treatment of nitrate toxicity with responsible residue avoidance in food animals.

Article Discussed

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Veterinary School Application Process and Simple Record Keeping Metrics 

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In this episode of Cattle Chat, the team discusses what it takes to get into veterinary school, including prerequisites, gaining diverse experience, standing out in the application process, and preparing for interviews. They also explore ways to encourage interest in rural and livestock veterinary practice. The team answers a listener’s question for a 125-cow producer, highlighting simple metrics like pregnancy rate, pounds of calves sold, and winter feed use to measure progress over time.

4:38 Veterinary School Application Process  

16:36 Simple Record Keeping Metrics 

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget, if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: Nitrate Poisoning in Cattle

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On this episode of Tox Talk, Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz discuss a case where eight bred cows were moved into a barn ahead of a winter storm and were found dead the next morning. While initial concerns focused on the barn environment, testing revealed the cause was acute nitrate poisoning from newly introduced millet hay containing high nitrate levels. Nitrate toxicity can cause rapid death, often within hours, and may leave few obvious signs. This case is a reminder to consider what has changed when sudden losses occur, especially feed sources. Certain forages, including millet and other stress-grown crops, can accumulate nitrates, and toxicity persists after baling. Testing unfamiliar or newly purchased hay can help prevent devastating losses.

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Guest Dr. Cassandra Olds: What is Theileria, How is Theileria Transmitted, Heifer Development

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In this episode of BCI Cattle Chat, guest Dr. Cassandra Olds continues the discussion of Theileria, a tick- and fly-borne parasite affecting U.S. cattle herds. The team explains how it spreads from the East Coast westward, causes anemia-like symptoms, and persists for life in infected animals. They stress prevention through stress reduction, parasite control, and good nutrition, noting that no approved treatment exists. The conversation shifts to preparing heifers for breeding season, emphasizing pre-breeding exams, tracking weight and reproductive readiness, and managing nutrition to ensure early conception and lifelong productivity.

Dr Cassandra Olds Contact Information:

34A Waters Hall
Manhattan KS 66506
Phone: (785) 706-8599
Fax: (785) 532-6232

colds@ksu.edu

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Tox Talk: Sudden Death in Fall-Calving Herd

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In this Tox Talk episode, Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz review a case involving six dead calves out of 38 fall-calving cow–calf pairs on pasture. The producer had not been checking the herd frequently, making the exact timeline of deaths unclear. With at least one calf estimated to have been dead for 4–5 days. They emphasize how decomposition, weather, and time since death affect necropsy value. Initial differential diagnoses focus on infectious causes and potential toxicities, given that only calves were affected.

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Evolution in the Feedlot Industry, Questioning Cow Calf Practices, Big Cows vs Small Cows on Pasture

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In this week’s episode of Cattle Chat, the experts discuss the evolution in the feedlot industry. They debate how producers used to calculate cost based on feed efficiency. The team also questions different cow-calf practices. Lastly, they debate whether or not you should have bigger cows with heavier weaned weight for your calves or if you should have smaller cows so there are more cows per acre, resulting in more calves being sold.  

3:10 Evaluation in the Feedlot Industry 

11:00 Questioning Cow Calf Practices 

15:50 Bigger Cows vs Smaller Cows on Pasture  

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget, if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: High Culling Rates

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A 2,000 cow dairy is seeing high culling rates due to lameness but not the typical lameness they are used to. What is wrong? Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz will discuss.

The toxicology website and Bovine Sciences with BCI podcasts have been sponsored in part through a veterinary services grant that Dr. Scott Fritz, Dr. Steve Ensley, and Dr. Bob Larson have received to share more toxicology information and examples for people to understand what to submit and how to submit. Another part of that grant has been working with people and producers in the field.

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Tox Talk: Death of Young Calves

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When a large dairy operation finds seven young calves dead, they seek help from the toxicologists. What happened and how can they prevent it from happening in the future? Brad White and Scott Fritz go over this case and answer those questions. Thanks for listening!

KSVDL Toxicology: https://ksvdl.org/laboratories/toxicology/

The toxicology website and Bovine Sciences with BCI podcasts have been sponsored in part through a veterinary services grant that Dr. Scott Fritz, Dr. Steve Ensley and Dr. Bob Larson have received to share more toxicology information and examples for people to understand what to submit and how to submit. Another part of that grant has been working with people and producer in the field.

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Newborn Fly Control, Bovine Science, Castration Research

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Red calves behind a barbed wire fence with trees in the background.

Welcome to BCI Cattle Chat! In this week’s episode of Cattle Chat, we start by answering a listener question pertaining to newborn calves with flies. Next, the crew go over BCI’s other podcast Bovine Science. Finally Brad brings a research paper which analyzes the benefits of castration at an early age. Thanks for listening and enjoy the episode!

3:47 Newborn Calves with Flies

10:10 Bovine Science Podcast

14:47 Castration Research

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Reinvesting, Calves on Feed, Risk Management

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Welcome to BCI Cattle Chat! In this week’s episode of Cattle Chat, the full crew is in the studio to discuss reinvesting in your operation. They also talk about feeding calves and manure scoring. Finally they go over risk management strategies of all kinds. Thanks for listening and enjoy the episode!

5:10 Reinvesting in the Herd

10:57 Calves on Feed

16:00 Risk Management

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Replacement Heifers, Marketing, Water

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Welcome to BCI Cattle Chat! In this week’s episode of Cattle Chat, the team debates phenotype versus genotype when selecting replacement heifers. Next, Dustin leads the discussion on marketing with rising cattle prices. Finally the crew discuss water quality management.

2:25 Replacement Heifers

11:56 Marketing

1:13 Water Quality

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: Collecting Samples

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Black cow in front of green grass and blue sky.

For this unique episode of Tox Talk Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz walk through how to collect samples to send into toxicology. They will discuss the important samples to collect depending on the situation.
Toxicology Sample Collection Guide

KSVDL Toxicology: https://ksvdl.org/laboratories/toxicology/

The toxicology website and Bovine Sciences with BCI podcasts have been sponsored in part through a veterinary services grant that Dr. Scott Fritz, Dr. Steve Ensley and Dr. Bob Larson have received to share more toxicology information and examples for people to understand what to submit and how to submit. Another part of that grant has been working with people and producer in the field.

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Toxicology Sample Collection Guide 

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ESSENTIAL Samples 
These are your non-negotiables — collect them in nearly every case of suspected toxicosis. 

 

Rumen Contents 

  • Amount: Gallon bag mixed from different compartments 
  • Container: Clean, leak-proof plastic container (NO additives) 
  • Storage: Refrigerate or freeze ASAP 
  • Why it matters: Primary exposure site for many toxins—contaminated feed, plants, heavy metals, etc. Snapshot of recent intake. 

Liver 

  • Amount: 1 pound 
  • Container: Plastic bag 
  • Storage: Freeze 
  • Why it matters: Metabolizes and can bioaccumulate toxins, first-pass metabolism means liver often has highest concentrations following oral exposure. Include formalin-fixed sample for histopathology. 

Kidney  

  • Amount: One whole kidney (or sections from both) 
  • Container: Plastic bag 
  • Storage: Freeze 
  • Why it matters: Often contains the highest concentrations following IV exposure, also main route of excretion. Many toxicants can cause microscopic lesions here so include sections fixed in formalin. 

Ocular Fluid 

  • Amount: 1–2 mL 
  • Container: Red-top or plain tube (no additives) 
  • Storage: Refrigerate 
  • Why it matters: Blood degrades quickly, ocular fluid is more stable postmortem. Ideal for nitrate, ammonia, electrolytes. Subject to postmortem change especially if left in the globe. 

Feed and Water Samples 

  • Amount: Gallon bag, 16 oz water 
  • When mixed rations are suspected, include samples of mix as delivered and individual components 
  • Container: Clean plastic bags or bottles 
  • Storage: Refrigerate or freeze 
  • Why it matters: Needed to confirm exposure source. Test hay, silage, grain, minerals, water, etc. 

Formalin-Fixed Tissues 

  • What to collect: Liver, kidney, brain, heart, lung, abomasum, rumen, muscle 
  • Container: 10:1 formalin to tissue ratio 
  • Why it matters: Some toxins cause identifiable lesions—centrilobular necrosis, renal tubular injury, myocardial necrosis. 

OPTIONAL / CASE-BASED Samples 

Collect when relevant to history, clinical signs, or herd investigation scope. 

Heart 

  • Amount: Whole 
  • Container: Seal proof bag 
  • Storage: Refrigerate or freeze fresh, also fix in formalin 
  • Why it matters: Essential to demonstrate lesions for ionophores, selenium, some cardiotoxic plants 

Urine 

  • Amount: Whatever you can get 
  • Container: Sterile container 
  • Storage: Refrigerate or freeze 
  • Why it matters: Good for water-soluble toxins and early/sublethal exposures, hypomagnesemia – need to correct for creatinine 

Brain 

  • Amount: Whole or large portion 
  • Container: Bag for frozen, formalin for histo 
  • Storage: Freeze for chemistry, fix other half for histology 
  • Why it matters: Needed for sodium testing or neurotoxins, acetylcholinesterase activity, and demonstrating lesions 

Fat 

  • Amount: Handful 
  • Container: Plastic bag 
  • Storage: Freeze 
  • Why it matters: Stores fat-soluble compounds, sometimes for years. 

Skeletal Muscle 

  • Amount: 100–200 g 
  • Container: Plastic bag 
  • Storage: Formalin, need fresh for drug residues 
  • Why it matters: Essential for ionophores, selenium, etc. 

Abomasal Contents 

  • Amount: 100–500 mL 
  • Container: Plastic container 
  • Storage: Refrigerate or freeze 
  • Why it matters: May provide more concentrated contents than the rumen, especially in calves. 

Tox Talk: Shells in the Stomach

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Black and white cows in green grass with trees behind them.

After a big thunderstorm some calves are found dead and some found sick. What caused it and why were the cows not affected? Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz will find out in this episode of Bovine Science.

The toxicology website and Bovine Sciences with BCI podcasts have been sponsored in part through a veterinary services grant that Dr. Scott Fritz, Dr. Steve Ensley and Dr. Bob Larson have received to share more toxicology information and examples for people to understand what to submit and how to submit. Another part of that grant has been working with people and producer in the field.

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Beef-on-Dairy, Free Martin, Spring Pond Death

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Black cow with white face in pond next to cedar tree.

Welcome to BCI Cattle Chat! In this week’s episode of Cattle Chat, the team answers your listener questions. starting with a question on calf nutrition. Next, Bob Larson answers a question about sexed semen and free martins. Finally Scott Fritz answers a question on pond scum.

4:02 Beef-on-Dairy Nutrition

13:36 Sexed Semen Free Martin

18:08 Spring Pond Scum

For more on BCI Cattle Chat, follow us on X at @ksubci, Facebook, and Instagram at @ksubci. Check out our website, ksubci.org. If you have any comments/questions/topic ideas, please send them to bci@ksu.edu. You can also email us to sign up for our weekly news blast! Don’t forget if you enjoy the show, please go give us a rating!

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Tox Talk: Ponderosa Pine

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Three red and white cows in open green grass with row of trees behind them.

After a large snow storm 34 cows have aborted their calves. What caused this and how can it be prevented in the future? Find out on this episode of Tox Talk a Bovine Science Podcast with Dr. Brad White and Dr. Scott Fritz? Thanks for tuning in and enjoy the show!

Ponderosa Pine: https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/logan-ut/poisonous-plant-research/docs/ponderosa-pine-pinus-ponderosa/
KSVDL Toxicology: https://ksvdl.org/laboratories/toxicology/

The toxicology website and Bovine Sciences with BCI podcasts have been sponsored in part through a veterinary services grant that Dr. Scott Fritz, Dr. Steve Ensley and Dr. Bob Larson have received to share more toxicology information and examples for people to understand what to submit and how to submit. Another part of that grant has been working with people and producer in the field.

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